Examining food insecurity in a regional New Zealand emergency department

Making Education Easy

Authors:

Richling S et al.

July 30, 2024

Summary:

Food insecurity was prevalent in a cross-sectional study of patients presenting to the Whangarei Hospital emergency department, as assessed using the validated two-item Hunger Vital Sign screening tool. Out of a total of 300 participants, 37% were food insecure. Factors associated with food insecurity included Māori ethnicity (odds ratio [OR] 2.12; 95% CI 1.19-3.80; p = 0.011), household crowding (OR 1.19; 95% CI 1.02-1.39; p = 0.024) and lower socioeconomic status (OR 1.13; 95% CI 1.00-1.27; p = 0.048). The primary reason for emergency department attendance or the number of comorbidities were not significantly associated with food insecurity. Only half of participants who were food insecure reported being aware of (50.5%) or had used (54.1%) food resources. Food insecurity was associated with interest in social worker follow-up (OR 16.95; 95% CI 5.81-49.42; p < 0.001). The study authors concluded that an emergency department-based food insecurity screening programme with voluntary social worker follow-up was feasible and acceptable to patients.

Comment:

Sad that this is an issue but an excellent example of how the social determinants are assessed and managed (using strengths-based approaches) in an incredibly busy clinical setting. Will look at introducing this in my clinic.

Reference: Emerg Med Australas. 2024;36(3):421-428.

Independent commentary by Dr. Matire Hardwood

Dr Matire Harwood (Ngapuhi) has worked in Hauora Māori, primary health and rehabilitation settings as clinician and researcher since graduating from Auckland Medical School in 1994. She also holds positions on a number of boards, committees and advisory groups including the Health Research Council. Matire lives in Auckland with her whānau including partner Haunui and two young children Te Rangiura and Waimarie.

Research Review publications are intended for New Zealand health professionals.

Disclaimer: This publication is not intended as a replacement for regular medical education but to assist in the process. The reviews are a summarised interpretation of the published study and reflect the opinion of the writer rather than those of the research group or scientific journal. It is suggested readers review the full trial data before forming a final conclusion on its merits.