Regular prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing should be considered a priority area for improving prostate cancer survival in Māori men, according to a large population study. The study cohort included 63,939 Māori men aged ≥40 years with no history of prostate cancer who had undergone at least one PSA test between 2006 and 2018. The cohort was divided into men who had a PSA test at least once every four years (screened group), and all other men (non-screened group). Compared with the non-screened group, those in the screened group had a higher proportion of prostate cancer diagnoses (3.7% versus 3.0%, p<0.001), a lower proportion of high-grade cancers (25.6% versus 32.7%, p=0.001), and a higher 10-year cancer-specific survival rate (99.4% versus 98.5%, p<0.001). PSA testing frequency was an independent predictor of prostate cancer mortality on multivariate analysis (hazard ratio 2.43, [95% CI 1.97-3.01], p<0.001).
