This systematic review of 41 studies examined the effectiveness of interventions to combat youth violence. Interventions were classed as primary (universally implemented in order to prevent violence), secondary (selectively targeted toward youths at risk for violent behaviour) or tertiary (directed toward those with existing violent behaviour). Interventions which were effective (statistically significant) comprised 49% of those assessed. Interventions at the tertiary level were more likely to be effective than primary or secondary level interventions. In conclusion “increasing effectiveness was reported as the level of intervention increased from primary to tertiary. Approaches to evaluate prevention interventions need to be clarified and standardized.”
As Pita Sharples and other Mäori leaders have commented in the media following the recent child abuse cases, many communities have taken it upon themselves to address issues such as youth violence. This paper may only confirm what people are already doing, but it may also provide valuable information about programmes, in particular what is effective and therefore where to focus efforts.
Independent commentary by Dr. Matire Hardwood
Dr Matire Harwood (Ngapuhi) has worked in Hauora Māori, primary health and rehabilitation settings as clinician and researcher since graduating from Auckland Medical School in 1994. She also holds positions on a number of boards, committees and advisory groups including the Health Research Council. Matire lives in Auckland with her whānau including partner Haunui and two young children Te Rangiura and Waimarie.
Research Review publications are intended for New Zealand health professionals.
Disclaimer: This publication is not intended as a replacement for regular medical education but to assist in the process. The reviews are a summarised interpretation of the published study and reflect the opinion of the writer rather than those of the research group or scientific journal. It is suggested readers review the full trial data before forming a final conclusion on its merits.
