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Maternal seafood consumption in pregnancy and neurodevelopmental outcomes

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From Māori Health Review Issue 3
Authors:
  • Hibbeln JR et al
Summary:

The effects of maternal seafood intake during pregnancy on neurodevelopment outcomes in children was examined using 11 ,875 pregnant female participants from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC). Seafood intake was rated as none, some (1–340 g/week), and >340 g/week using a food frequency questionnaire at 32 weeks gestation. (Current US guidelines suggest a limit of 340g/week of seafood in pregnancy.) There was an increased risk of children being in the lowest quartile for verbal intelligence quotient with no seafood consumption (OR 1·48; 95% CI 1·16–1·90) or some seafood consumption (OR 1·09; 95% CI 0·92–1·29). Increased risk of suboptimal outcomes for prosocial behaviour, fine motor, communication, and social development scores was also observed in association with a low maternal seafood intake.

Comment:
The authors have highlighted the tension we have as maternity health providers in providing care when there may be lack of evidence. The benefits of seafood consumption during pregnancy (omega 3 and improved neurodevelopment in the foetus) must be weighed with the risk (high levels of mercury in some fish can cause impaired neurodevelopment). In the end, advice to pregnant women has to be based on evidence but should also be conservative until we have compelling evidence of harm. The NZFSA provides comprehensive and updated information on their website about food that is safe to eat during pregnancy. (http://www.nzfsa.govt.nz/consumers/food-safety-topics/foodborne-illnesses/pregnancy/index. htm) including safe seafood (http://www.nzfsa.govt.nz/consumers/food-safety-topics/chemicals- in-food/mercury-in-fish/index.htm).
Reference: Lancet. 2007; 369:578-585
Abstract
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Independent commentary by Dr. Matire Hardwood

Dr Matire Harwood (Ngapuhi) has worked in Hauora Māori, primary health and rehabilitation settings as clinician and researcher since graduating from Auckland Medical School in 1994. She also holds positions on a number of boards, committees and advisory groups including the Health Research Council. Matire lives in Auckland with her whānau including partner Haunui and two young children Te Rangiura and Waimarie.

Research Review publications are intended for New Zealand health professionals.

Disclaimer: This publication is not intended as a replacement for regular medical education but to assist in the process. The reviews are a summarised interpretation of the published study and reflect the opinion of the writer rather than those of the research group or scientific journal. It is suggested readers review the full trial data before forming a final conclusion on its merits.

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