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Suboptimal asthma control: prevalence, detection and consequences in general practice

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Authors:
Summary:

354 primary care physicians assessed 10,248 patients for asthma control; 59% were uncontrolled, 19% well-controlled and 23% totally controlled. Physicians overestimated control, regarding only 42% of patients as uncontrolled. Physicians were more likely to report plans to alter the regimens of uncontrolled patients than controlled patients (1.29 vs 0.20 medication changes per patient), that were consistent with guideline recommendations. Of the uncontrolled patients, 59% required one or more urgent care or specialist visits versus 26% and 15% of well-controlled or totally controlled patients, respectively. Patients were more likely to report short-term symptom control when they had not required urgent or specialist care (odds ratio 5.68).

Comment:
Comment: Three points: 1. GPs in this study overestimated asthma control in their asthma patients. Innovative solutions to improve diagnostic and management confidence in primary care are required. Some GPs are measuring exhaled nitric oxide using separate machines. I understand that an evaluation of the machine in NZ primary care is currently underway. 2. When the GP correctly diagnosed the level of asthma control, management was in keeping with evidence. This finding supports the use of asthma guidelines. 3. GPs are the first step for most asthmatics. This study found that the time frame from the GP visit to requiring urgent or hospital care is short for those with poor control. GPs play a vital role in the management of asthma and if they can correctly diagnose and manage ‘poorly controlled’ asthma, hospitalisation may be prevented.
Reference: Reference: Eur Respir J. 2008; 31:320-5
Independent commentary by Dr. Matire Hardwood

Dr Matire Harwood (Ngapuhi) has worked in Hauora Māori, primary health and rehabilitation settings as clinician and researcher since graduating from Auckland Medical School in 1994. She also holds positions on a number of boards, committees and advisory groups including the Health Research Council. Matire lives in Auckland with her whānau including partner Haunui and two young children Te Rangiura and Waimarie.

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Disclaimer: This publication is not intended as a replacement for regular medical education but to assist in the process. The reviews are a summarised interpretation of the published study and reflect the opinion of the writer rather than those of the research group or scientific journal. It is suggested readers review the full trial data before forming a final conclusion on its merits.

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