This analysis of risk factors for mortality amongst people admitted to Counties Manukau inpatient facilities included 1182 individuals aged 15–75 years between 2002 and 2014, all of whom were identified by medical staff as having insufficient housing. During a median 5.7-year follow-up, 126 people (10.7%) died. Median survival of the cohort was 63.5 years, approximately 20 years less than the general population. The strongest associations with premature mortality in this study cohort were among people with cannabis-related disorders (adjusted HR 2.15; 95% CI, 1.10 to 4.22), diabetes (1.75; 1.05 to 2.93) and Māori ethnicity, compared to European and other ethnic groups, except Asian and Pacific (1.80; 1.14 to 2.85).